Implementasi Pembelajaran Daring (Program BDR) Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Provinsi Jawa Barat

Abstract

Abstrak – Menghadapi pandemi Covid-19, guru, orang tua, kepala sekolah, harus mengubah pola pembelajaran dari pembelajaran tatap muka menjadi pembelajaran daring, semua pihak harus menyiapkan semua perangkat dalam memfasilitasi pembelajaran daring ini dalam waktu yang sangat mendesak, selain itu target kurikulum yang belum tercapai karena pandemic terjadi di Tengah-tengah semester. Begitupun dengan media yang harus disiapkan sekolah dan orang tua dalam pembelajaran daring ini, seperti komputer/laptop dan telepon seluler yang berbasis internet. Kemendikbud mengeluarkan surat edaran Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 mengatur pelaksanaan secara teknis pembelajaran jarak jauh atau belajar dari rumah (BDR) di setiap daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui imeplementasi pembelajaran jarak jauh di jenjang SD, SMP, SMA dan SMK di semua Kab./Kota Jawa Barat. Data dikumpulkan melalui survey, analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik data kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan: 1) Persiapan dan perencanaan, dilakukan melalui surat edaran Mendikbud dan Pemda disambut sekolah dan diteruskan dengan melakukan sosialisasi kepada warga sekolah dan orang tua melalui media sosial, guru membuat perencanaan BDR melalui daring dengan aplikasi; 2). Proses, media dan sumber pembelajaran, dilakukan secara daring melalui media sosial, Fb, WA, IG, Youtube dan video; 3) Kendala, kendala yang dihadapi guru berupa keterbatasan kuota/jaringan, kesulitan mengontrol siswa sedangkan bagi orang tua akses internet dan terbatasnya fasilitas gadget serta kesulitan mengatur waktu dan proses mendampingi anak belajar; dan 4). Dampak BDR, target kurikulum tidak secara optimal tercapai, penilaian akhlaq sulit dilakukan. Bagi orang tua dampak BDR merasa menjadi lebih paham kesulitan belajar yang dialami anak. Secara umum, keberhasilan pembelajaran online di Jawa Barat selama pandemi Covid-19 ditentukan oleh kesiapan infrastruktur berupa akses internet dan fasilitas gadged, dukungan dan kolaborasi dari semua pemangku kepentingan, termasuk pemerintah, sekolah, guru dan orang tua serta kesiapan/ keterampilan guru dalam membuat perencanaan dan melaksanakan proses pembelajaran daring

Kata Kunci – belajar; jarak; jauh; pandemic; covid-19

Abstract - Facing the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers, parents, school principals, must change the learning pattern from face-to-face learning to online learning, all parties must prepare all the tools to facilitate this online learning in a very urgent time, besides the curriculum targets that have not yet reached because the pandemic occurred in the middle of the semester. Likewise with the media that schools and parents must prepare in online learning, such as computers / laptops and internet-based cell phones. The Ministry of Education and Culture issued circular letter No.2 of 2020 regulating the technical implementation of distance learning or home learning (BDR) in each region. This study aims to determine the implementation of distance learning at the SD, SMP, SMA and SMK levels in all districts / cities of West Java. Data were collected through surveys, data analysis using thematic analysis of qualitative data. The results of the analysis show: 1) Preparation and planning, carried out through a circular letter from the Minister of Education and Culture and Local Government are welcomed by schools and continued by socializing to school residents and parents through social media, teachers make BDR plans online with the application; 2). The process, media and learning resources are carried out online through social media, Facebook, WA, IG, Youtube and video; 3) Constraints, the obstacles faced by the teacher are in the form of limited quota / network, difficulty controlling students, while for parents access to the internet and limited gadget facilities as well as difficulties in managing the time and process of accompanying children to learn; and 4). The impact of BDR, curriculum targets are not optimally achieved, moral assessment is difficult to do. For parents, the impact of BDR feels that they have a better understanding of the learning difficulties experienced by children. In general, the success of online learning in West Java during the Covid-19 pandemic was determined by the readiness of infrastructure in the form of internet access and gadged facilities, support and collaboration from all stakeholders, including government, schools, teachers and parents as well as the readiness /skills of teachers in planning. and carry out the online learning process.

Keywords – learning, distance;pandemic,covid-19